var arrayFacts = [ "If an English town's name ends in 'by,' the Vikings probably named it.

'By' was the common Scandinavian word for 'village'.", "The Adriatic Sea is named for the Roman port of Adria.

Adria is now 14 miles inland due to shifting landmasses.", "The word dictator comes from ancient Rome.

In the Roman republic the Senate could appoint a supreme commander in case of emergency. While in charge, his dictates were law. Hence the word 'dictator.'", "The oldest house in Northern Europe was built in 3800 B.C.

This house has been unoccupied for 5000 years. It consists of two stone rooms called the 'Knap of Howar,' on the Orkney Isles, belonging to present day Scotland.", "The Dutch eat 4.5 pounds of licorice a year, on average.

The Dutch started eating licorice in the 13th Century, and it has remained a favorite ever since. ", "Rotterdam, Netherlands, is the busiest seaport in the world.

It handles over 325 million tons of cargo a year.", "The Postojna Grotto in Slovenia is the largest cavern in Europe.

This cavern has numerous beautiful stalactites. Famous example of a karst cave-grooved and irregularly eroded limestone formations carved out by underground streams.", "Singing Cave is a popular tourist destination in Iceland.

Singing cave is a lava cave. It gets its name because of the echoes that sound like people singing.", "Norway is home to both the third and fourth tallest waterfalls in the world.

There is the Utigord at number three (2,625 feet) and Monge at four (2,540 feet). These are the two tallest waterfalls in Europe. Norway is also home to two more of the world's ten tallest waterfalls.", "Europe is the only continent with no true desert.

Antarctica has a polar desert, and every other continent has at least one, if not several, deserts.", "Europe has four of the five wealthiest nations per person in the world.

In per person income Luxembourg is first, Switzerland second, Liechtenstein fourth, and Norway fifth.", "English is now the second most spoken language in the world.

English 512 million, 2nd only to Mandarin Chinese, which has over twice as many speakers as English.", "Hadrian's Wall stretched for 75 miles between Scotland and England.

The wall was built by order of Roman Emperor Hadrian in the second century to keep the Caledonians of Scotland out of England.", "The Vatican City is the smallest official country in the world.

The Vatican is actually completely inside the city of Rome, and is the home of the Pope.", "Cologne, Germany, is famous for its perfume.

This is similar to the way Champagne comes from Champagne, France.", "Marco Polo, one of history's greatest explorers, was originally from Venice.

He is said to have traveled twenty years and tens of thousands of miles, all the way to the court of Khan of the Mongols, and back.", "Greece is often credited with being the most influential ancient civilization to affect the Western world.

Greece is often seen as the cradle of Western Civilization because of early literature, history, and philosophy-all of which are still taught in colleges today.", "The Leaning Tower of Pisa is predicted to tip over sometime after 2020.

The tower was not designed to lean, but the ground it was built on wasn't stable, so one part of the tower is sinking more quickly than the rest.", "The Louvre in Paris is the greatest art museum in the world.

The Louvre contains works from Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and many of the world's greatest artists.", "Iceland can claim the world's first parliament.

The Viking Althing parliament was created and first met in the year 930, making it the world's first legislative body or parliament.", "The London Underground is the world's longest subway system.

The London subway system has a full 244 miles of track. ", "Among the continents, Europe is a geographical anomaly (different from the norm).

Larger only than Australia, it is a small appendage of the great landmass that it shares with an Asia, as opposed to its own independent landmass.", "France has had more authors win the Nobel Prize for literature than any other country.

French authors have combined for six Nobel Prizes, more than any other nation.", "In Portugal, it is a compliment to the chef to burp loudly.

The louder and longer the burp, the more you approve of the meal.", "Transylvania was the home of the 'real' Dracula.

Most of the Dracula vampire legends were based on a Transylvanian prince, Vlad the Impaler, who was the ruler of his province and terrorized the common folk in what is now present day Romania.", "The Coliseum in Rome was built for gladiators.

The Coliseum was an early form of sports entertainment for the Roman citizens, though the fights were often violent and brutal.", "France is more reliant on nuclear power than any other country in the world.

France receives about three quarters of its energy from nuclear power.", "Mount Vesuvius is the European mainland's only active volcano.

Mount Vesuvius erupted sometime around AD 79. The city of Pompeii was completely destroyed. The top of the volcano stands at an impressive 4,000 feet.", "Helsinki, Finland, is the second northernmost national capital in the world.

Only Reykjavik, Iceland, is further north.", "In Reykjavik, Iceland, one can see the stars eighteen hours a day during winter.

During the summer, sunlight is visible 24 hours a day.", "Portugal is the world's largest producer of cork.

The country has regulations protecting cork trees dating back to 1320.", "The Hungarian capital of Budapest is actually two cities separated by the Danube River.

The two cites are Buda and Pest. Buda lies on the west bank and Pest lies on the east bank.", "The country of Prussia no longer exists.

Prussia was once a strong nation in Europe during the late 1800s into the early 1900s, but was eventually divided among Poland, Germany, and the USSR.", "The first city to reach a population of 1 million people was Rome.

Rome hit a million people in 133 B.C. London, England, didn't reach that mark until 1810.", "The Netherlands is the lowest country in the world.

It is estimated that 40 percent of the land is below sea level.

The water is held back by a series of dikes.", "Switzerland has over 30,000 miles of trails.

Switzerland likely has the greatest amount of marked hiking paths per capita of any nation.", "One of the earliest civilizations in Europe were the Minoans.

They inhabited the present day island of Crete around 2500 BC.", "Macedonia, one of the smallest and newest nations in Europe, was the home of Europe's first great emperor.

Alexander the Great was from Macedonia, and went into Greece, Egypt, Asia Minor, and Persia to form the largest empire the world had ever seen to that point.", "Austria and Hungary used to be one country.

The Austria-Hungary Empire was actually a very large empire that controlled a large section of eastern Europe. Most of the land was lost after World War I.", "In 1771 the kingdom of Poland was one of the strongest nations in Europe.

Poland was larger in are than any other European country except Russia and had a bigger population than any other European country except France.", "The Eiffel Tower was built for the 1889 World's Fair.

The Eiffel Tower remains a favorite attraction of tourists to this day, and still stands near the center of Paris.", "The Vatican's Swiss Guard still wears a uniform designed by Michelangelo in the early 16th century.

The world's smallest independent state is the Vatican City, with a population of about 1,000 and a zero birthrate.", "The Volga river is the longest river in Europe.

The Volga rises in the hills just northwest of Moscow and flows approximately 2,300 miles to the Caspian Sea.", "Vilnius is the capital of Lithuania.

Vilnius is also, interestingly, almost the precise geographical center of Europe.", "Andorra, located in the heart of the Pyrenees Mountains, is the highest inhabited country in Europe.

Although it is only about 1/5 the size of Rhode Island, it attracts thousands of tourists each year because of its gorgeous scenery, great skiing, and lack of taxes.", "Rose oil is considered Bulgaria's gold.

Rose oil is extremely valuable, and brings in a huge income for the nation, which is the world's leading producer.", "Switzerland was created in 1291.

This occurred when the three basic Cantons (Uri, Schwitz and Unterwalden) signed a pact to protect one another from Austria.", "St. Patrick's Day is an Irish holiday that has become famous worldwide.

In Ireland itself, St. Patrick's Day tends to be a more family oriented holiday, similar to Thanksgiving.", "Scotland is famous for its very distinctive culture.

Though often referred to as 'highland culture' after the Scottish highlands, many aspects were shared by all Scots, including kilts and bagpipes.", "The oldest continuing university in Europe is the University of Bologna in Italy.

The University of Bologna was founded in 1088, and is the oldest university in Europe that has ran uninterrupted."]